HomeMotoring LawDefending Drug Driving Allegations

Defending Drug Driving Allegations

Specialist Drug Driving Solicitors

Have you been caught drug driving? Olliers Solicitors have successfully defended numerous drug driving cases and can help you too. If you have been charged with a drug driving offence, call us for free initial advice on 0161 834 1515. Early action can help avoid a conviction for a drug driving offence and a driving ban. The sooner we can intervene, the better your chances of a favourable outcome. 

Olliers Solicitors have developed numerous defence strategies and technical legal arguments to win drug driving cases.  

At Olliers Solicitors, we understand that facing a drug driving allegation can be a daunting and stressful experience. A conviction can have serious consequences, including a driving ban, fines, increased insurance costs and even imprisonment. Our specialist motoring offence solicitors are here to provide expert legal advice and representation to help you navigate this challenging situation. 

Being accused of drug driving can be lifechanging. Whether the allegation involves illegal or prescription drugs a conviction carries a minimum 12 month driving disqualification, a fine and potentially even a prison sentence. Your driving licence will also show the conviction for 11 years. Additionally a conviction can lead to increased car insurance premiums and difficulties in traveling to certain countries. At Olliers we regularly defend clients facing drug driving allegations. We look at every aspect of the case from the reliability of the police procedure to the accuracy of the analysis of the blood specimen. Whilst a drug driving charge can feel overwhelming there are several defences that could apply to your case. In some cases medication prescribed by your doctor can still lead to a charge but that doesn’t necessarily mean you’re guilty. We understand the complexities of the legislation and will work with you to achieve the best possible outcome. If you’re facing a drug driving allegation contact our specialist team today, the sooner you get advice the better your position.

What Constitutes Drug Driving? 

In the UK it is illegal to drive if either: 

  • you’re unfit to do so because you’re on legal or illegal drugs; or 
  • you have certain levels of illegal drugs in your blood (even if they have not affected your driving)  

The drugs covered by the legislation include both prescription medications and illegal substances. 

Drug Driving Limits

Section 2 of The Drug Driving (Specified Limits) (England and Wales) Regulations 2014 specifies the controlled drugs for the purposes of a drug driving offence and sets the specified limits, namely:

controlled drugs specified limits

Penalties for Drug Driving 

If convicted of drug driving, you may face severe penalties, including: 

  • A minimum one-year driving disqualification 
  • An unlimited fine 
  • Up to six months in prison 
  • A criminal record 

Your driving licence will also show the conviction for drug driving for 11 years. Additionally, a conviction can lead to increased car insurance premiums and difficulties in traveling to certain countries.

Drug Driving Defences 

Many clients think that if they are charged with drug driving then they have to plead guilty. However, while a drug driving charge can feel overwhelming, there are several defences that may apply to your case: 

Procedural Errors 

In drug driving cases, strict adherence to police procedures is essential for evidence to be admissible in court. If officers fail to follow correct protocols such as not completing the MGDD forms correctly, not properly informing the suspect of their rights, or failing to obtain valid consent for a blood sample the entire case may be compromised. 

These mistakes can lead to the exclusion of critical evidence, significantly weakening the prosecution’s case. At Olliers our experience and expertise allows us to scrutinise every step of the process to identify such errors and use them to build a strong defence. 

Challenging Blood Results 

We can ensure the accuracy of your blood test results by questioning the procedures followed during sample collection and analysis. 

We will look to ensure that the correct chemicals were used to preserve the sample, the sample was properly stored, it was tested by an accredited lab using recognised methods, and the analyst is appropriately qualified. These factors are crucial and may form the basis of a legal challenge. 

Consent 

You must provide clear and unconditional consent for a blood sample. Improper pressure from an officer can invalidate the sample. In drug driving cases, the legality of obtaining a blood sample is a critical issue that can significantly impact the outcome of a prosecution. Under UK law, while police can request a blood sample if they suspect drug use, the sample must be taken with the individual’s informed and voluntary consent, typically by a registered healthcare professional – not a police officer. 

If consent is obtained through coercion, misunderstanding, or without proper explanation of rights, this may constitute a breach of the correct procedure. Courts have consistently upheld that any pressure or improper conduct by officers during this process can render the evidence inadmissible. The prosecution must prove that consent was freely given, often through documentation like the HORT/5 certificate, which must be properly completed and disclosed before trial. 

If these safeguards are not strictly followed, it may be possible to challenge the admissibility of the blood sample and, by extension, the entire case. 

Continuity 

The continuity of evidence is crucial. Any breaks in the chain of custody can undermine the prosecution’s case. 

Faulty Testing Equipment 

If there are doubts about the accuracy of the testing devices used, we can challenge the reliability of the evidence obtained. At Olliers, we understand that the reliability of testing equipment plays a crucial role in drug driving prosecutions. Faulty testing kits or improperly calibrated devices can produce inaccurate results that may unfairly implicate a driver.  

In some cases, concerns have been raised about the reliability of specific testing providers, such as Randox Testing Services, which has been subject to investigation over forensic irregularities. Our expert solicitors meticulously examine the evidence and the functionality of all testing devices involved. If there is any doubt about the accuracy or maintenance of the equipment used in your case, we will challenge the admissibility of the results and fight to protect your rights. 

Medical Defence 

If you were taking prescription medication as advised by a healthcare professional and were not impaired, this can be used as a defence. At Olliers, we recognise that not all positive drug driving results stem from unlawful behaviour. In some cases, individuals may test positive for prescribed medication taken in accordance with medical advice. UK law provides a statutory medical defence under Section 5A of the Road Traffic Act 1988, allowing drivers to argue that the drug was taken for medical purposes and in line with the directions of a healthcare professional.  

Our experienced solicitors will carefully assess your medical history, prescription records, and the circumstances of your arrest to determine whether a medical defence is applicable. We work closely with medical experts to build a robust case ensuring your rights are fully protected. 

No Evidence of Driving 

The prosecution must prove that you were driving or in charge of the vehicle. If there is insufficient evidence, the case may be dismissed. 

Private Land

For the offence to be committed, it must occur on a “road” or other “public place”. If the court find that the location of the alleged offence is a private place, you are entitled to be acquitted.

‘Hip Flask’ Defence 

If you consumed drugs after driving but before being tested, this could explain why your drug level was above the limit when tested, even though you were not over the limit whilst driving. 

How Olliers Motoring Solicitors Can Help 

Our experienced motoring law solicitors at Olliers have a proven track record of successfully defending drug driving cases. We take a proactive and strategic approach to ensure that every possible legal avenue is explored to achieve the best possible outcome for our clients. 

Why Choose Olliers Solicitors?  

  • Specialist Expertise – Our lawyers are highly experienced in defending drink driving cases.  
  • Strong Track Record – We have successfully defended numerous clients, securing acquittals and reduced penalties.  
  • Proactive Defence Strategy – We challenge evidence, question procedures, and explore all legal options.  
  • Clear Advice – We will always provide straightforward advice about your case and the possible outcomes.  

Some frequently asked questions

What is drug driving?

Drug driving is an offence under Section 5A of the Road Traffic Act 1988. It’s illegal to drive with certain drugs in your blood above specified limits, regardless of whether your driving was actually impaired. This is a “strict liability” offence; the prosecution only needs to prove the drug was in your system above the limit, not that it affected your driving. There’s also a separate offence under Section 4 of being “unfit to drive through drugs,” which focuses on actual impairment.

What is the drug drive limit in the UK?

The UK has set specific blood concentration limits for 17 drugs. For illegal drugs, the limits are set very low, essentially at zero tolerance. The limit for cannabis (THC) is just 2 micrograms per litre of blood, and for cocaine it’s 10 micrograms per litre. For prescription drugs that may be legitimately used, the limits are set higher to allow for therapeutic use. However, even with prescription drugs, you can be prosecuted if you’re over the limit and don’t have a valid medical defence.

What drugs are tested for when drug driving?

Police can test for 17 specified controlled drugs. Illegal drugs include cannabis (THC), cocaine, benzoylecgonine, ketamine, LSD, heroin, MDMA, and methamphetamine. Prescription drugs that can impair driving include diazepam, clonazepam, flunitrazepam, lorazepam, oxazepam, temazepam, methadone, and morphine. Roadside screening devices currently test for cannabis and cocaine. If police suspect other drugs, you’ll be taken to a police station for a blood test.

How long do drugs stay in your system for driving?

This varies enormously depending on the drug, how much you took, your metabolism, and how frequently you use. Cannabis is particularly problematic because THC can remain detectable in blood for days or even weeks in regular users, long after any impairing effects have worn off. Cocaine typically clears faster, usually within 24-48 hours, but metabolites can persist longer. There’s no safe rule like “wait 24 hours.”

What are the penalties for drug driving?

Drug driving carries a minimum 12-month driving ban, a criminal record and an unlimited fine. For more serious cases, you can face up to 6 months in prison. Your car can also be seized and potentially forfeited. For a second drug driving offence within 10 years, the minimum ban increases to 3 years. Beyond the court penalties, you’ll face significantly increased insurance premiums for years afterwards.

What happens if I fail a roadside drug test?

If you fail the roadside drug swipe test (which checks saliva for cannabis and cocaine), you’ll be arrested and taken to a police station. There, a healthcare professional will take a blood sample, which is sent to a laboratory for analysis. You’ll be given a portion of the sample to keep for independent testing if you wish. Results typically take several weeks, sometimes months, after which you’ll either be charged or informed no further action will be taken.

I was not impaired—is this a defence to drug driving?

For the Section 5A offence (driving with drugs above the specified limit), lack of impairment is not a defence. The offence is complete once the drug is in your blood above the limit; the prosecution doesn’t need to prove your driving was actually affected. However, if you’re charged under Section 4 (driving while unfit through drugs), the prosecution must prove actual impairment, and evidence that you were driving normally is directly relevant.

Can I be prosecuted for driving on prescription medication?

Yes, if you’re over the specified limit for that medication. However, there’s a statutory defence if you were taking the medication in accordance with medical advice and it didn’t impair your driving. You’ll need to show that the drug was prescribed for you, you took it as directed, and your driving wasn’t actually impaired. This defence requires evidence: prescriptions, medical records, pharmacy records etc.

I self-medicate with cannabis—is this a defence?

No. Self-medication with cannabis is not a legal defence to drug driving because cannabis is not a prescribed medication in most circumstances. The statutory defence for prescription drugs only applies to medication lawfully prescribed to you and taken in accordance with medical advice. Even if you use cannabis to manage a genuine medical condition, if you’re over the limit, you commit the offence.

Can I argue accidental exposure—for example, passive cannabis smoke?

In theory, yes, but it’s extremely difficult to succeed with this argument. The drug limits are set at levels that passive exposure would very rarely reach. To have THC in your blood at 2 micrograms per litre from passive smoking alone, you’d need prolonged exposure in an enclosed space with heavy cannabis use, and even then, it’s debatable. Courts are sceptical of passive smoking defences without compelling supporting evidence.

Can I challenge a drug driving blood test result?

Yes, and there are several potential angles. These include challenging the procedure (was the blood sample taken correctly and within the legal timeframe?), challenging continuity of evidence (can the prosecution prove the sample tested was definitely yours?), challenging laboratory analysis (was the testing equipment calibrated correctly?) and obtaining independent analysis of your retained sample. Blood test challenges require expert evidence and detailed scrutiny.

What should I do if I've been arrested for drug driving?

Don’t panic but do act promptly. Contact us for initial advice. The sooner we’re involved, the more options you’ll have. While waiting for blood test results, gather any evidence that might support your case: prescription records if relevant, details of any medical conditions, notes on anything unusual about the testing procedure. Don’t discuss the case on social media or with anyone except your solicitor.

Contact our specialist Drug Driving Solicitors Today  

If you are facing a drug driving charge, time is critical. Early legal advice can make a significant difference to your case. Our expert drug driving solicitors are here to help, offering confidential and professional legal support at every stage of your case.

Contact our specialist motoring team by completing the form below, emailing info@olliers.com or telephoning 0161 8341515 (Manchester) or 020 38836790 (London). 

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