Written 21st April 2020 by Laura Baumanis
The short answer is yes. Under the Protection of Children Act 1978 and the Criminal Justice Act 1988, taking, possessing, or sharing sexualised images of any person under the age of 18 is a criminal offence. This is true despite the age of consent for having sex being just 16, and unfortunately the fact that the young person either consented to the pictures being taken, or took the pictures themselves, is not a defence.
In the UK it is not only an offence to take an indecent image of a minor, but also to possess one or to distribute it. These cases are more often than not dealt with severely by the Courts, with those guilty of such offences being made subject to notification requirements, in some cases Sexual Harm Prevention Orders also, and being at risk of a custodial sentence being imposed. Whilst youths are usually dealt with more leniently by the Courts, the impact of any such conviction upon their future is undeniable.
That in itself is extremely concerning for anyone with responsibility for a young person. The reality is that for many teenagers, sharing explicit pictures of themselves has become a normal means of expressing themselves sexually . Sexting has become a normal part of life for a large proportion of youths. A report from the NSPCC has indicated that 14% of young people in the UK have taken a naked or partially naked photo of themselves; it went on to say that a vast number of these images were then forwarded to one or more people. Most youths doing this do so with no knowledge that they are actually breaking the law, and no thought to the implications this could have for them.
Although there is a lot of criticism of the law in this area – with people arguing that it is outdated and entirely unfit for purpose -there has been an increase in police investigations around sexting, from only 183 a month in 2017 to 241 by August 2019. 6,499 of these cases related to children under the age of 14.
At Olliers we often get a number of inquiries from very concerned parents who found out that their children have either been taking, sending or receiving indecent images of themselves when they’re under the age of 18. Now, whilst of course the age of consent for sex is 16, the age in law for having possession of any image of that nature is 18 and if someone is under 18 then technically that is an indecent image and it is a criminal offence, and that applies for someone who takes a picture of themselves when they’re under the age of 18. It applies for someone who has sent a picture to a partner or to a friend when they’re under 18, and it applies to someone who is in receipt of an image of someone under the age of 18. Now, as a parent we all know that this is something that is potentially a bit of a gray area, unfortunately sexting has become very common between young people and certainly there have been numerous reports and studies that have been gone into. In relation to this, and to whether it should be an offence for young people, who with their own consent have taken images of themselves. Now, as it stands if the police are made aware of a situation where someone is in possession of images of someone under the age of 18 then that is something they have a duty to investigate. Now, certainly there’s some police forces that deal with this in perhaps more sensible way and they may send experienced first responders to speak to the youth involved, there are safer school officers who can speak to people who have been involved in this type of activity and neighborhood officers who can come and assist and basically give a bit of advice, but technically parents need to be aware that this is an offence and this is something that the police can investigate and ultimately call someone in to be interviewed and indeed we do get a number of cases where young people are being interviewed because of suggestion they have indecent images on their mobile phone which is extremely worrying for them and for the parents. Especially when the young people who’ve never been in trouble with the law before now. Although it is an offence to possess any images of someone under the age of 18 of a sexual nature certainly this is an area where the prosecution will not always take the matter to court or indeed find that an out-of-court disposal would be appropriate in terms of looking at whether a prosecution is necessary the crown prosecution service not only have to look at the evidence and whether they are satisfied that there’s a realistic prospect of conviction, which if someone is in possession of an image of that nature then there potentially is but they also have to look at the interests of justice and that’s the really relevant point when it comes to offences of this nature is it in the interest of justice for a youth someone aged 16 or 17 to be prosecuted for receiving images from someone who they’re in a relationship with who has sent them those images with consent and very often the crown prosecution service will be persuaded that it would not be in the interest of justice to prosecute such people if you are in a situation where your child is in possession of such images or you believe the police want to speak to them at Olliers we certainly are very happy to assist and to offer advice and support in relation to such investigations. It’s very important that you get experienced legal representation at the outset for offences of this nature because a conviction or even an arrest for an interview is something that can have an impact upon your child’s future and that’s something that every parent is very keen to avoid. At Olliers we push for voluntary interviews so they will not remain on the child’s record we push for out-of-court disposals or for arguments that is not in the interest of justice to pursue any such prosecution.
What can be done to prevent a prosecution?
The police were issued with guidance in 2016 highlighting how offences of this nature should be dealt with. It was noted that, in many cases, sending experienced first responders, safer school officers or neighbourhood teams can be a better way of dealing with the issue, rather than arresting and criminalising youths. They can, and should, consider interviewing youths voluntarily, rather than arresting them. An arrest would result in details of the allegations, regardless of the outcome, remaining on the youth’s police record Even if a matter is not prosecuted, an enhanced DBS check in the future could result in information relating to the investigation being disclosed to prospective employers. The police therefore need to be mindful of this when investigating ‘sexting’ amongst youths.
In order to secure a charging decision, the police must refer their file to the Crown Prosecution Service. The CPS must look not only at the strength of the evidence and whether there is a ‘realistic prospect of a conviction’ (a test which is almost always satisfied by offences of this nature), but at whether it is in the interests of justice for the case to proceed to Court. The reality is that by prosecuting youths for sending of images of themselves, the law is criminalising the very people the legislation seeks to protect. There is a strong argument, therefore, to say that the majority of these cases are not in the public interest to pursue.
What should I do if my child is being investigated by the police?
It is important to seek legal advice as soon as you become aware that there is a suggestion that you or your child have been involved in the taking or sending of indecent images. At Olliers we pride ourselves on our pro-active approach and our experienced team can assist with:
- Urging the police to conduct any interview on a voluntary basis;
- Taking steps to avoid an arrest being necessary;
- Offering support and assistance throughout;
- Making representations against a charge being authorised;
- Drafting post-charge representations against the continuance of a prosecution;
- Getting the best possible outcomes for cases that have to proceed to Court;
- Applying to the police to have evidence relating to an arrest removed when no further action was taken;
- Advising re the ramifications of a caution or conviction
Contact our indecent images lawyers
Article written by Laura Baumanis. Contact our specialist team by completing the form below if you wish to discuss an investigation for indecent images further.
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- About the Author
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Laura joined Olliers in 2005 and qualified as a solicitor in 2008. Laura specialises in pre-charge and police interview representation and prides herself on achieving the best possible outcome for her clients. She is known for her pro-active approach during the ongoing investigation stage of a case and has a specialism in defending allegations of domestic abuse and sexual offences. She is known for her strategic approach liaising with investigators throughout ensuring that the chances of a prosecution are kept to a minimum.
